Marine Energy Research - Journal

Articles (35) All Articles

Open Access

Review

31 March 2026

The Future of Environmentally Powered Gliders: Emerging Prospects and Trends

To address the endurance limitations of traditional electrically driven underwater gliders, which are constrained by onboard battery energy density, harnessing marine renewable energy for propulsion or supplemental power has emerged as a critical approach to overcoming their operational endurance bottleneck. This paper systematically reviews the research progress on underwater gliders powered by environmental energy sources, such as thermal and solar. It provides an in-depth analysis of the utilization mechanisms, core technologies, and current challenges associated with each energy type, with a focused exploration of technical pathways for achieving energy synergy and enhancing system endurance through multi-energy integration and intelligent energy management. Furthermore, this study is the first to establish a comprehensive technical evaluation framework for environmentally powered gliders from three dimensions: energy coupling, system design, and mission adaptability, offering a systematic reference for subsequent research. The paper also explores the application potential of this technology in advanced scenarios, such as long-term ocean observation and dynamic environmental monitoring. Future efforts should prioritize efficient multi-energy hybridization, dynamic energy management, and mission-adaptive control to comprehensively enhance the endurance and operational reliability of gliders in complex marine environments.

Shuo Zhao

Runfeng Zhang*

Ruize Pan

Shishuai Niu

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(2), 10007 ;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10007

Open Access

Article

30 March 2026

CFD Investigation of Torque Generation in an Archimedes Screw Hydrokinetic Turbine

The Archimedes Screw hydrokinetic turbine (AST) is a promising technology for renewable energy generation in shallow, low-velocity, and bidirectional flows, but the mechanisms governing its torque production remain poorly understood. This study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate the performance and torque-generation mechanism of a three-flight AST inclined at 30° and operating in two configurations previously examined experimentally. Transient simulations were performed in ANSYS Fluent using a sliding mesh and flow-induced rotation approach within an unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes framework with the SST k–ω turbulence model. The results show that pressure forces dominate torque generation, while viscous contributions are comparatively small. Importantly, this behaviour is observed at a relatively low Reynolds number of approximately 4.5 × 10⁴, indicating that Reynolds-number dependence becomes weak at Reynolds numbers substantially lower than those expected in practical deployments. For the first configuration, with the upstream edge of the turbine at the free surface, the CFD model predicted a maximum power coefficient of 0.85 at a tip speed ratio of 1.50, compared with an experimental value of 0.40 at 0.53. For the second configuration, with the downstream edge of the turbine at the free surface, the corresponding maximum power coefficient was 0.82 at a tip speed ratio of 1.51, compared with 0.34 at 0.54, as experimentally observed. The simulations also captured strong cyclic torque variations; the maximum variation in torque was over three times the mean value for both configurations. Comparison of the cavitation and pressure coefficients indicates little likelihood of cavitation at the experimental flow velocity but suggests possible cavitation onset at higher velocities.

Temitope E. Phillips*

David H. Wood

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10006;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10006

Open Access

Article

27 March 2026

Collaborative Optimization of Berth Allocation and Marine Energy Utilization for Low-Carbon Ports

Ports, as key nodes for marine renewable energy consumption and integration with marine industries, are facing the dual pressures of low-carbon transformation and efficient energy utilization. To solve fossil fuel reliance and high carbon emissions from disconnected port berth scheduling and energy optimization, this study proposes a two-stage framework combining the improved Cuckoo Search Algorithm (ICSA) and Stackelberg game. In the first stage, a vessel-centric optimization framework is proposed, which integrates the time-of-use electricity pricing mechanism to coordinate ship operating decisions and port low-carbon objectives. The ICSA is employed to solve the low-carbon berth allocation problem, while synchronously generating the time-series load data of key port handling equipment. In the second stage, a demand response load matrix is established by fully exploiting the battery swapping characteristics of electric trucks and the cold load shifting capability of refrigerated containers. A tripartite Stackelberg game is then conducted among the port energy operator, distributed energy supplier, and port equipment aggregator to optimize energy pricing and multi-energy supply dynamically. Case studies show doubled shore power using vessels, 14% higher berth utilization, and 29.86% lower energy costs. Carbon emissions were significantly reduced, while the proportions of offshore natural gas and renewable energy saw notable increases. This study provides a new approach for the integration of marine energy into port operations, supporting the sustainable development of marine energy industries and the low-carbon transformation of coastal ports.

Qiang Gao

Le Gu

Zhongli Bai

Lewei Zhu

Junjie Liu

Yu Song

Yuehui Ji*

Xiang Gao

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10005;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10005

Open Access

Article

16 March 2026

Research on the Bearing Characteristics of Bucket Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines in Double-Layered Clay

Bucket foundations have been widely used in marine engineering, such as offshore wind power, due to their anti-overturning performance and convenient installation. In China’s coastal areas, clay soil is widely distributed, and most of the seabed has layered clay. However, the bearing capacity of bucket foundations in layered soil is significantly different from that in homogeneous soil. Currently, there is relatively little research on the bearing capacity of bucket foundations in layered clay. Therefore, the finite element analysis method is adopted to establish a bearing capacity calculation method of bucket foundations in double-layer clay. The axial failure mechanisms and ultimate bearing capacity of bucket foundations in double-layer clay are deeply discussed, and the corresponding ultimate bearing capacity calculation method is given based on the numerical analysis results. The combined bearing capacity of bucket foundations in double-layer clay is fully analyzed, and the evolution method of V-H, V-M, H-M, and V-H-M failure envelopes is given.

You Feng

Hao Zhang

Xiaohe Wang

Qingtao Zhang

Jiayu Wang*

Run Liu

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10004;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10004

Open Access

Article

19 January 2026

Life Cycle Assessment of the Emissions Reduction Potential of Recycled-Carbon-Fibre for Western-Australian Offshore Wind Turbine Blades

The objective of this study is to conduct a review of recycled-carbon-fibre (rCF) wind turbine blades’ feasibility, through a comparison of global and Australian wind sector waste, and a comparison of virgin-carbon-fibre (vCF) with rCF wind turbine blades’ greenhouse-gas GHG-emissions, and, recommend an approach for carbon-fibre CF-use in the fledgling Australian offshore wind industry, based on global-warning-potential GWP. This study assesses the life-cycle GHG-emissions of virgin-carbon-fibre wind turbine blades versus recycled-carbon-fibre wind turbine blades, in both non-structural and structural configurations. All production, use and recycling is assessed in terms of a West Australian context, in which the functional unit is three turbine blades used on an onshore wind farm, towards potential applicability for (as yet, non-existent) offshore WA fields. An approach incorporating a GaBi/Sphera database-study provides a timely screening/preliminary study, in which it was found that non-structural recycled carbon fibre wind turbine blades had very similar GHG emission levels compared to standard virgin carbon fibre blades, with sensitivity analysis revealing that in worst-case scenarios, non-structural carbon fibre has higher GHG emissions. Structurally recycled carbon fibre blades performed significantly better than standard virgin carbon fibre wind turbine blades with a 56% reduction in GHG emissions; savings were not affected significantly by parameter changes during sensitivity analysis. It is evident that recycled-carbon-fibre can significantly reduce wind turbine blades’ GWP and contribute to the circular economy in the fledgling West Australian offshore-wind-turbine sector.

Leon Hallam

Andrew Whyte*

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10003;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10003

Open Access

Article

14 January 2026

Large-Scale Language Model Assisted Construction of Multi-Source Heterogeneous Knowledge Graphs for Marine Renewable Energy

Marine renewable energy systems, particularly offshore wind and photovoltaic (PV) installations, generate large volumes of heterogeneous maintenance texts. However, the resulting knowledge remains fragmented due to dispersed sources, diverse formats, and domain-specific terminology. To address these challenges, this study proposes a large-scale language model assisted methodology for constructing a multi-source heterogeneous knowledge graph for intelligent operation and maintenance (O&M). The method integrates unified document preprocessing, domain-oriented prompt engineering, large-scale language model–based entity and relation extraction, and multi-level entity normalization. It systematically transforms unstructured documents (e.g., standards, procedures, manuals, inspection records, and environmental reports) into structured triples, enabling the construction of a dynamically evolving O&M knowledge graph. A rigorous ablation study on real-world offshore wind and PV datasets demonstrates that the proposed workflow exhibits exceptional robustness against OCR noise (e.g., scanned artifacts, stamps, and signatures) and substantially improves extraction volume, accuracy, and coverage compared with traditional methods. In particular, combining high-quality preprocessing and optimized prompts yields the most reliable and semantically coherent results. The study provides a practical technical pathway for automated knowledge management in marine renewable energy and offers a foundation for future applications in intelligent diagnostics, predictive maintenance, and digital-twin systems.

Mengmeng Liu

Ziqiang Jin

Ju Zhang*

Ye Yuan

Qian Ma

Xianming Mo

Tianxin Lu

Yongning Wei

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10002;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10002

Open Access

Article

08 January 2026

A Large-Scale Language Model Based System for Automated Generation of Offshore Wind Power Feasibility Study Reports

Driven by global energy transition goals, the large-scale development of offshore wind power imposes rigid requirements for professionalism, standardization, and timeliness on feasibility study reports (FSR). Traditional manual compilation and existing automated methods fail to meet these requirements due to interdisciplinary complexity, poor process controllability, and insufficient domain adaptation. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a configurable and interpretable offshore wind FSR generation system built on a three-tier framework that encompasses “data support, process orchestration, and quality assurance”. The system integrates a YAML-based workflow architecture, multi-level prompt engineering, and a comprehensive evaluation system. Notably, the introduced “Cyclic Aggregation Mode” enables the iterative generation and logical summarization of multi-subproject data, effectively distinguishing this system from traditional linear text generation models. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed “Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) + Large-scale Language Model (LLM) + Workflow” system outperforms baseline models with key metrics including semantic consistency (0.6592), information coverage (0.3908), structural compliance (0.5123), and an overall score (0.5965). Ablation studies validate the independent contributions of the RAG and Workflow components, thereby establishing the “RAG + LLM + Workflow” paradigm for intelligent professional document generation. This work addresses core challenges related to controllability, accuracy, and interpretability in high-stakes decision-making scenarios while providing a reusable technical pathway for the automated feasibility demonstration of offshore wind power projects.

Mengmeng Liu

Tianxin Lu

Ju Zhang*

Ye Yuan

Qian Ma

Yongning Wei

Ziqiang Jin

Xianming Mo

Mar. Energy Res.

2026,

(1), 10001;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2026.10001

Open Access

Article

29 December 2025

Vertical Axis Tidal Turbine Behaviour under Sheared Flow Effects

Tidal turbines are often subjected to complex flow conditions that can affect their power output and the risk of failure. In this article, an experimental study on a vertical axis tidal turbine with twin counter-rotating rotors is carried out at 1/20 scale, submitted to a sheared turbulent (ST) flow and a sheared weakly turbulent (SWT) flow. The performance and wake development comparison indicates that the turbine behaves differently depending on the shear rate considered. A 7% decrease in performance is observed at the turbine’s nominal operating point between uniform and ST conditions. The asymmetry of the flow along the vertical axis is reflected in the angular and frequency distributions of the rotor torque, indicating a production asymmetry between the lower and the upper rotors. Analysis of wake development reveals that transport terms constitute the main mechanism of wake dissipation. In the case of SWT and uniform flow, vertical advection largely dominates the other terms, whereas in ST flow, transverse advection is initially predominant. This results in a higher average wake height and a lower average wake width in the ST case compared to the other flow conditions, and a faster wake recovery.

Robin Linant

Grégory Germain*

Yanis Saouli

Benoit Gaurier

Jean-Valéry Facq

Christophe Pénisson

Guillaume Maurice

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(4), 10022;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10022

Open Access

Review

23 December 2025

A Review of Bolted Connections for the Assembly of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations

Bolted connections are being considered as an assembly method for the foundations of floating offshore wind turbines. A clear benefit of this method is the short assembly time of these foundations compared to welding. However, some concerns around corrosion, fatigue, and the ability of bolted connections to maintain preload remain. This review found that conventional ring flanges may not be suitable for the assembly of floating foundations, mainly due to the risk of bolt loosening and reduced fatigue life. However, the C1 Wedge Connection is an innovative bolted connection that has shown its ability to retain bolt preload during tests. Likewise, the Compact Flange Connection has shown its ability to retain preload without requiring maintenance during operational stages and furthermore, has a long and successful track record in offshore oil and gas applications. This review revealed several research gaps related to the use of bolted connections for the assembly of floating wind turbine foundations. These include: a lack of research on the effects of bolt loosening; dynamic loads and shear forces on bolted connections and their effect on fatigue life; structural health monitoring methods of bolted connections; and the health and safety of technicians in confined spaces with difficult accessibility. The Compact Flange Connection is perhaps the best suited bolted connection for the assembly of floating foundations. However, more research, and crucially, successful offshore demonstrations will be essential to increase confidence in the suitability of bolted connections for the floating offshore wind industry.

Aimee Morgan

Navid Belvasi

Aldert Otter*

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(4), 10021;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10021

Open Access

Article

23 December 2025

Wave Effects on Large-Scale Turbulent Flow Structures Propagating in the Water Column

Tidal flow often contains large-scale turbulent flow structures mainly caused by bathymetric variations or offshore marine structures. Understanding how waves interact with these structures is crucial for ocean sciences, as they influence vertical mixing, energy transfer, and dissipation. In this work, two flow configurations with current and waves are studied in a flume tank using Particle Image Velocimetry measurements: waves propagate either following or opposing the current and interact with convected flow structures. Compared to current-only cases, the mean velocity is slightly impacted, but the mean velocity gradient increases for waves propagating with the current. Turbulent Kinetic Energy increases regardless of wave direction and its production is also affected by the wave’s propagation direction. The integral length scale and flow Gaussianity are the most affected flow parameters. For waves propagating against the current, the Probability Density Functions of fluctuating velocity fields exhibit a bimodal representation, largely deviating from a Gaussian curve. Preliminary quadrant analysis reveals that waves significantly influence flow organisation, especially when they propagate against the current. These observations are valuable for applications such as defining tidal turbine farm areas, improving turbine performance estimation, and assessing structural fatigue.

Benoît Gaurier*

Philippe Druault

Grégory Germain

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(4), 10020;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10020

Open Access

Review

23 September 2024

Icing Models and Mitigation Methods for Offshore Wind in Cold Climate Regions: A Review

Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) in cold climate regions have become increasingly significant due to the abundant wind resources with the development of renewable energy. These areas offer considerable potential for the development of OWTs. Generating energy for communities in cold climate regions involves overcoming significant challenges posed by the remote and harsh environmental conditions. This review presents the state-of-the-art research regarding prediction models for ice accretion on wind turbine components. Furthermore, this review summarizes advanced mitigation solutions, such as cold-weather packages and ice protection systems, designed to address icing issues. The present study identifies critical knowledge gaps in OWT deployment in cold climate regions and proposes future research directions.

YingjieGu

GuangYin

MarekJanJanocha

Muk Chen Ong

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10002;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10002

Open Access

Review

23 April 2025

Research Progress on Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Structures and Installation Technologies

Offshore wind power, as an important component of renewable energy, has gradually become one of the key technologies in global energy transition. The development of offshore wind power faces complex technical challenges, including strong wind, waves, currents, foundation bearing capacity, and installation technologies for wind turbines, among other issues. In recent years, with technological advancements, significant breakthroughs have been made in the design of offshore wind power foundation structures, installation technologies, and equipment. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent progress in offshore wind power technologies, deeply exploring innovative technologies in areas such as the overall development trends, foundation structures, installation technologies, and equipment of offshore wind power. Special attention is given to the design and safety analysis of wind turbine foundation structures under different foundation conditions, as well as installation technologies for wind power in complex sea conditions and deep-water areas. The paper argues that the applicable depth of fixed foundations is expected to extend beyond 50 m. The jacket foundation remains the mainstream choice for future large-scale wind turbines, with the potential to increase its applicable water depth to 100 m. Furthermore, floating foundations have significant potential for cost reduction and efficiency improvements. Developing entirely new foundation structures and installation technologies suitable for deep-water environments is also a key direction for future development.

XiangchuanMeng

JijianLian

HaijunWang

HuiZhao

RunLiu

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(2), 10006;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10006

Open Access

Review

27 March 2025

State of the Art in Wave Energy Conversion Technologies in China

This paper reviews the advancements in wave energy converter technologies in China, covering device design, performance evaluation, and system control techniques. It highlights power control technologies in wave energy conversion, including adaptive control, model predictive control, clutch control, clamp control, resistive load control, approximate optimal speed control, nonlinear control, and intelligent control methods. Through an analysis of these technologies, the study outlines the future directions and challenges in wave energy development in China, while also proposing potential pathways for optimizing the performance of wave energy conversion devices.

BohaoZhang

WeiPeng

YuandaLi

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10004;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10004

Open Access

Article

12 February 2025

Motion Control of Floating Wind-Wave Energy Platforms

Mitigating wave-induced motions in floating multi-body systems is a critical challenge in ocean engineering. For single floating structures, such as floating platforms or vessels, applying active control requires considerable energy. It is also a common solution to add auxiliary structures and a power take-off (PTO) device, thereby forming a multi-body system that utilises passive control. However, the effectiveness of this method is limited due to varying phase differences between control forces and motions, which change across different wave frequencies. The present work proposes a novel semi-active structural control method, which can effectively provide optimised control force to the main body within a multi-body system. The key point of this method is tuning the phases between the forces and motions of floating bodies. Proper tuning can neutralise the main floating body’s wave-induced motion by utilising the wave-induced motion of the auxiliary structure. The controller is developed under an optimal declutching control framework, adjusting the damping coefficients of the PTO system to provide discrete resistance to the target body. A floating semi-submersible (SS) platform equipped with a heave ring as an auxiliary structure is selected and analysed as the case study. The results demonstrate the method’s efficacy in reducing motion for floating wind turbine (FWT) platforms and its applicability to various types of multiple floating bodies. Interestingly, our optimal declutching control can “kill two birds with one stone”. It can simultaneously enhance motion reduction and increase power capture. In the current study, the proposed controller achieved a maximum motion reduction of 30% for the platform.

Shuang-RuiYu

Zhi-MingYuan

AtillaIncecik

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10001;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10001

Open Access

Article

27 September 2024

Strategic Deployment of Service Vessels for Improved Offshore Wind Farm Maintenance and Availability

This research explores the optimization of Operations and Maintenance (O&M) strategies for offshore wind farms using a sophisticated O&M simulator built on the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. By integrating real-world constraints such as vessel availability and weather conditions, the study assesses O&M logistics’ impacts on wind farm availability, energy production, and overall costs across different scenarios in the Celtic Sea. Through comparative analysis of eight case studies involving various combinations of Crew Transfer Vessels (CTV) and Service Operation Vessels (SOV), the research highlights the critical role of strategic vessel deployment and the potential of permanent SOV stationing to enhance operational efficiency, reduce downtime, and lower O&M costs. In this study, the permanent SOV can increase up to 20% availability of the whole wind farm. The findings underscore the importance of adaptive O&M planning in improving the sustainability and financial viability of offshore wind energy projects.

ChenyuZhao

AdamRoberts

YingCui

LarsJohanning

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10003;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10003

Open Access

Review

22 August 2025

The Recyclability of Wind Turbine Blade Material, Manufacturing Process, and Recycling Technology

As wind energy continues to be deployed at a significantly increasing rate, the number of decommissioned wind turbines is expected to increase accordingly. To improve material efficiency, a large amount of waste requires appropriate identification and recycling, particularly the composite materials used in wind turbine blades (WTB). This study focuses on two life cycle stages, manufacturing and the decommissioning stage, which contribute most to the waste generation of WTB. This study investigates the material efficiency factors in WTB and organises fragmental information in manufacturing waste management, focusing on the recycling factor and quantifying the recyclability of wind turbine blade material regarding the different recycling technologies. This study fills the gap in existing research by evaluating recycling methods for specified carbon fibre-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) and glass fibre-reinforced polymers (GFRPs) using a revised recyclability index. Additionally, innovative sustainable materials and recent composite recycling studies have also been incorporated into the quantification and evaluation to update the current progress. The current source of WTB post-production waste, the corresponding disposal method, and opportunities were also reviewed and identified. The findings quantified recyclability and revealed that the recyclability of WTB materials varies significantly depending on the specific composite type and the recycling method employed. Furthermore, the calculated recyclability, combined with other factors such as global warming potential (GWP), cost, and technology readiness level (TRL), is discussed, along with the potential for improving material efficiency by selecting future material recycling technology and effective manufacturing waste management.

JiashiLiu

ChenyuZhao

Shuya Zhong

LarsJohanning

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(3), 10014;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10014

Open Access

Article

27 September 2024

Numerical Investigation of a Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter Integrated with Vertical Wall and Latching Control for Enhanced Power Extraction

This study presents a numerical investigation of a point absorber wave energy converter (WEC) with a focus on improving its performance through the utilization of a vertical wall and latching control in the power take-off (PTO) system. Prior to numerical evaluations, experimental data incorporating PTO considerations and numerical simulation results were examined to validate the accuracy of the numerical methodology employed in this research. This study introduces a numerical PTO model and latching control for a further investigation. Comparative analyses were carried out on the displacement, velocity, and force of the PTO, absorbed power, and capture width ratio (CWR), considering the incorporation of a vertical wall and latching control. The results confirm that the introduction of both vertical wall and latching control significantly improves the CWR of the WEC, showing the effectiveness of incorporating a vertical wall and latching control in enhancing power extraction.

InjunYang

MomchilTerziev

Tahsin Tezdogan

AtillaIncecik

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10004;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10004

Open Access

Review

31 March 2025

Research Status and Development Trend of Floating Photovoltaic Structure System

Under the guidance of the dual carbon goals, the development and utilization scale of new energy in China, including photovoltaics and wind power, has steadily increased. Particularly, the floating photovoltaic technology in inland waters has been developing quickly over the past decade because it could compensate for certain shortcomings of traditional terrestrial photovoltaics. The offshore floating photovoltaic (FPV) pilot projects are also continuously emerging due to the advantages of longer daylight hours, higher radiation levels, and enhanced efficiency of light utilization in marine environments compared to terrestrial settings under identical solar irradiance conditions. To comprehensively understand the development prospects of offshore FPV systems, the development progress of FPV systems was traced, and an analysis was conducted on the forms of various types of floating structures, their technical characteristics, and their applicability in the marine environment. Summarization was carried out on the floating photovoltaic mooring system in terms of the classification of the mooring, the chain deployment mode, the form of the mooring foundation, etc., and a few new types of mooring systems were put forward. Finally, the development trend of the offshore FPV system was predicted.

XiangyuYan

ChunyanDai

YeYao

JijianLian

XifengGao

HongboLiu

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10005;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10005

Open Access

Perspective

31 December 2024

Offshore Renewable Energy Advance

Offshore renewable energy generation has become an important means to address the energy crisis and climate change, which has gained widespread attention in recent years. This article presents classic domestic and international cases that introduce the development and industrial transformation of generation technologies for offshore wind, offshore photovoltaics, ocean wave energy, tidal energy and temperature difference energy. Offshore power generation projects face challenges in design, safety, long-term operation and economic feasibility. Offshore renewable energy generation is gradually moving towards industrialization, and is expected to become a key component of global energy supply in the future with technological advancements and policy support, providing strong support for tackling climate change and achieving sustainable development goals.

JijianLian

Lin Cui

Qiang Fu

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10006;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10006

Open Access

Article

25 February 2025

Energy Harness and Wake Structure of “Cir-Tri-Att” Oscillators for Flow-Induced Motion Tidal Energy Conversion System

The research focuses on the flow-induced motion (FIM) and energy harness of “Cir-Tri-Att” oscillators (CTAO). The wake was photographed by particle image velocimetry (PIV) to explore wake structures. With the increase of the aspect ratios: the ability of oscillators to galloping under self-excitation or external excitation is enhanced. When ζ = 0.033, U_r = 12.5, the maximum amplitude ratio A* = 2.408 for oscillators with α = 1:1. Moreover, oscillators with higher aspect ratios can bear larger loads, which is conducive to energy utilization and conversion. The maximum power output P_harn = 16.588 W and the optimal efficiency η_harn = 24.706% appear in oscillators with α = 1.5:1. Additionally, In the soft galloping (SG), the wake mode is 4P or 3P. The wake vortex is more broken and its scale increases, but the force effect of the oscillators is better and the oscillation is more stable. The pressure difference makes for a longer oscillation period. This paper summarizes the FIM, energy harness and wake structures of the CTAO under different working conditions, which provides theoretical and data support for the optimization oscillators of flow-induced motion tidal energy conversion system.

XuYang

LiuyangJiang

YeYao

XifengGao

XiangYan

NanShao

JialeXiang

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10002;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10002

Open Access

Review

27 March 2025

State of the Art in Wave Energy Conversion Technologies in China

BohaoZhang

WeiPeng

YuandaLi

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10004;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10004

Open Access

Review

23 April 2025

Research Progress on Offshore Wind Turbine Foundation Structures and Installation Technologies

XiangchuanMeng

JijianLian

HaijunWang

HuiZhao

RunLiu

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(2), 10006;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10006

Open Access

Article

27 September 2024

Strategic Deployment of Service Vessels for Improved Offshore Wind Farm Maintenance and Availability

ChenyuZhao

AdamRoberts

YingCui

LarsJohanning

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10003;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10003

Open Access

Review

31 March 2025

Research Status and Development Trend of Floating Photovoltaic Structure System

XiangyuYan

ChunyanDai

YeYao

JijianLian

XifengGao

HongboLiu

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10005;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10005

Open Access

Perspective

31 December 2024

Offshore Renewable Energy Advance

JijianLian

Lin Cui

Qiang Fu

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10006;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10006

Open Access

Article

27 September 2024

Numerical Investigation of a Point Absorber Wave Energy Converter Integrated with Vertical Wall and Latching Control for Enhanced Power Extraction

InjunYang

MomchilTerziev

Tahsin Tezdogan

AtillaIncecik

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10004;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10004

Open Access

Article

12 February 2025

Motion Control of Floating Wind-Wave Energy Platforms

Shuang-RuiYu

Zhi-MingYuan

AtillaIncecik

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10001;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10001

Open Access

Article

23 September 2025

Marine Photovoltaic Module Salt Detection via Semantic-Driven Feature Optimization in Mask R-CNN

Offshore floating photovoltaic systems are highly susceptible to salt crystallization on the surfaces of photovoltaic modules, highlighting the need for intelligent inspection and cleaning technologies to improve operational efficiency and overcome the limitations of conventional manual maintenance methods. However, the presence of surface gridlines on the photovoltaic modules introduces significant visual interference, which complicates the accurate identification of salt deposition regions. To address this challenge, a semantic information-guided detection framework is proposed to enable precise segmentation of salt-affected areas. The key innovation lies in the effective classification of gridlines as background features by extracting semantic priors through low-level thresholding, which are then fused with the original red-green-blue image to construct a four-channel input. This fusion enhances the model’s ability to extract and discriminate features related to salt crystallization. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a 4.6% improvement in segmentation accuracy and a 3.7% increase in recognition accuracy compared to conventional models, based on evaluation metrics such as mean average precision and F1-score. The proposed framework offers a robust technical foundation for developing intelligent maintenance systems tailored to offshore floating photovoltaic applications.utf-8

XifengGao

XiaoshanDong

QianMa

MengmengLiu

YichuLi

JijianLian

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(3), 10015;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10015

Open Access

Article

12 March 2025

Influence of Soil Damping and Aerodynamic Damping on the Dynamic Response of Monopile Wind Turbines under Earthquake and Wind Loads

Vibration damping is essential for predicting the responses of wind turbines, and contributions mainly come from structural, soil, and aerodynamic damping. In engineering design, it is difficult to precisely account for the individual contributions of each damping source. As a result, a simplified approach is commonly used, where a total damping factor is applied that combines the effects of structural, soil, aerodynamic, and other damping sources. However, the accuracy of this simplified approach in predicting the dynamic response of turbines has not been thoroughly evaluated. This study primarily focuses on the applicability of vibration-damping simplification methods, particularly in analyzing the dynamic response of turbines under earthquake and wind loads.utf-8

PiguangWang

YangBai

RenqiangXi

YangQu

XiuliDu

Mar. Energy Res.

2025,

(1), 10003;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2025.10003

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23 September 2024

Icing Models and Mitigation Methods for Offshore Wind in Cold Climate Regions: A Review

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MarekJanJanocha

Muk Chen Ong

Mar. Energy Res.

2024,

(1), 10002;

DOI: 10.70322/mer.2024.10002

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Editors-in-Chief Editorial Board

Prof. Dr. Jijian Lian

Prof. Dr. Atilla Incecik

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